Exploring the Psychological Impact of Movies on Society

Movies serve as a mirror to society, portraying the values, norms, and ideologies prevalent at a given time. They often depict societal issues, cultural dynamics, and human experiences, prompting viewers to reflect on their own perspectives and beliefs. Moreover, cinema has the power to challenge established norms and stereotypes, pushing boundaries and fostering social change.

With the recent Cannes Film Festival, the spotlight on cinema's impact on society becomes even more pronounced. This prestigious event, known for showcasing path breaking films and celebrating artistic prowess, provides a fitting backdrop to explore the implications of cinema on societal perceptions and cultural discourse.

It is against this backdrop that I discuss themes like the reflection and challenge of societal norms, the emotional impact of cinematic elements, the portrayal of morally complex characters, and the influence of movie genres on public discourse. As an audience, not only are we entertained by cinema, but it also changes the way we perceive and navigate the world around us, thus enriching our lives. It not only reflects the existing status quo but also challenges societal norms and beliefs, shaping our collective consciousness.

Challenging Societal Norms and the Existing Status Quo

Films play a pivotal role in shaping our perceptions of reality. The portrayal of social norms, cultural values, and stereotypes in movies can significantly influence how we perceive the world around us. For instance, the representation of certain groups or individuals in a stereotypical manner can perpetuate harmful stereotypes and reinforce existing biases (Dixon & Linz, 2000).

The movie "Girl, Interrupted" has been criticized for its glamorization of mental illness and the portrayal of psychiatric hospitals as glamorous or adventurous places. It perpetuates the stereotype that individuals with mental illness are either dangerous or eccentric. The film "Split" has been criticized for its portrayal of dissociative identity disorder (DID) as a dangerous condition where individuals with multiple personalities are violent and unpredictable, which is not accurate for most people with DID.

Additionally, "The Joker" has been criticized for its depiction of the titular character as a violent and unstable individual with mental illness, reinforcing the stereotype that all people with mental illness are dangerous and prone to violence. These portrayals contribute to stigma and misunderstanding surrounding mental health issues. Conversely, films that challenge societal norms and promote diversity and inclusion can spark meaningful conversations and foster social change

Emotional Impact: The Role of Cinematic Elements

Cinematic elements such as lighting, background score, and visual aesthetics play a crucial role in eliciting emotional responses from viewers. The interplay of light and shadow can evoke mood and atmosphere, while a soulful soundtrack can intensify emotions and immerse audiences in the narrative. These elements create a sensory experience that inclines our emotions in a particular direction, thus enhancing our engagement with the story and characters.

In today's digital age, where movies are a ubiquitous form of entertainment, they shape our perceptions, influence our emotions, and even mold our behaviors. There is definitely a delicate interplay between movies and the human psyche. One of the most striking aspects of the psychological impact of films is their ability to evoke strong emotional responses. According to research conducted by Gross and Levenson (1995), movies can elicit a wide range of emotions, including joy, sadness, fear, and anger. For example, a heart-wrenching drama can leave viewers in tears, while a suspenseful thriller can induce feelings of tension and anxiety. These emotional experiences not only enrich our viewing pleasure but also provide opportunities for emotional catharsis, allowing us to release pent-up feelings and find solace in shared human experiences.

Furthermore, movies have the power to impact our decision-making processes and behaviors. The phenomenon known as "media priming" suggests that exposure to certain images or narratives in films can influence our thoughts, attitudes, and actions (Bushman & Anderson, 2001). For example, studies have shown that watching violent movies can desensitize viewers to violence and increase aggressive behavior, especially in children and adolescents (Huesmann, 1986). Similarly, films that glamorize substance abuse or risky behaviors can inadvertently normalize these behaviors and contribute to negative outcomes in real life (Dal Cin et al., 2008).

However, it is essential to recognize that not all psychological effects of films are negative. In fact, movies can also serve as powerful tools for education, inspiration, and socialization. Documentaries, for instance, have the potential to raise awareness about important social issues and inspire viewers to take action (Greenberg et al., 2006). Likewise, inspirational films can instill hope, resilience, and a sense of purpose in individuals facing adversity (Oliver & Bartsch, 2010). Additionally, movies can facilitate social bonding and collective experiences, as people come together to watch and discuss their favorite films, creating a sense of belonging and community.

Watching sad films can have a positive psychological impact because they can trigger tears, which serve as a mechanism to restore balance in the body during times of emotional distress. Research indicates that shedding tears of sadness helps regulate the body's stress response by releasing accumulated chemicals associated with heightened emotions. When faced with intense sadness portrayed in a movie, the act of crying facilitates the release of these chemicals, aiding in the restoration of homeostasis. Therefore, sad films offer a therapeutic outlet for processing emotions and promoting mental well-being.

Escapism and Self-Reflection

Cinema acts as both an avenue for escapism from our usual grind, essentially mundane day to day activities and is often a medium for profound self-reflection. Through captivating narratives and storytelling, movies transport us to different worlds, offering a temporary reprieve from reality. Simultaneously, they give room to introspection, prompting us to redefine our values, choices, and perspectives. This mechanism of escapism and self-reflection contributes to the enduring allure of cinema.

The Binary of Heroes and Villains: Portrayal of Morally Gray Characters

A recurring theme in cinema is the binary of heroes and villains, where characters are often depicted in black and white terms. However, some films have transcended this stereotype by portraying morally grey characters with motivations and character arcs. These nuanced portrayals challenge simplistic notions of good and evil, inviting viewers to grapple with ethical dilemmas and question moral conventions. The portrayal of heroes and villains in cinema has a lasting impact on our concepts of morality and justice. A notable example is the "copverse" phenomenon, exemplified by the Singham series, where larger-than-life police protagonists confront corrupt villains and uphold justice.

The portrayal of morally grey characters in cinema challenges simplistic thinking and encourages viewers to delve beyond the surface and ponder about the underlying themes. They are no longer passive viewers but active engravers. This is illustrative of the development of postconventional morality as described by Kohlberg's stages. By presenting characters with nuanced motivations and moral ambiguity, films prompt audiences to move beyond mental heuristics of right and wrong, and appreciate the grey shades of life. This engagement with moral ambiguity also aligns with Piaget's concept of post operational thought, as viewers grapple with the intricacies of characters' actions and their broader implications, ultimately contributing to a more nuanced understanding of social issues like justice.

Are mental health disorders really like in the movies?

Cinema goes across most borders- linguistic, regional, cultural and even time. It has a profound influence on shaping our perceptions of various aspects of life, including mental health disorders. The portrayal of disorders in films can either reinforce stereotypes and stigmas or challenge them by offering more nuanced and empathetic representations. By watching characters struggle with mental health challenges on screen, audiences can gain insight, empathy, and understanding, which ultimately lead to more informed attitudes towards mental illness in society. Some films offer nuanced portrayals that reflect the complexities of conditions like depression and anxiety. "Silver Linings Playbook" explores bipolar disorder with empathy, while "Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind" delves into the intricacies of memory and emotional pain. "Perks of Being a Wallflower" sensitively addresses themes of trauma and depression, and "Anomalisa" explores feelings of isolation and disconnection. These films provide more realistic and humanizing representations of mental health struggles.

"Dear Zindagi" is a Bollywood film that emphasizes the importance of seeking help and finding one's own path to healing and self-acceptance. It encourages open conversations about emotions and challenges the taboos surrounding mental health problems. “Fight Club", starring Brad Pitt in the leading role, depicts the protagonist's struggle with dissociative identity disorder (DID) in a gritty and intense manner, highlighting the intricacies of identity and mental illness. "Shutter Island" digs into themes of psychosis and trauma, where viewers are forced to question reality alongside the protagonist. “A Separation", an Iranian masterpiece directed by Asghar Farhadi, portrays the emotional toll of familial conflict and societal pressures, shedding light on how such stressors can impact mental health.

Psychological Responses to Movie Genres and Political Dialogue

Movie genres elicit distinct psychological responses, shaping narratives and influencing public discourse. For instance, thrillers evoke suspense and tension, while comedies offer relief and laughter. Case studies of movies that have influenced political dialogue and public opinion, such as documentaries like "An Inconvenient Truth" or fictional narratives like "The Dark Knight," demonstrate the power of cinema to spark conversations, raise awareness, and bring about social change.

According to a recent article by Elizabeth Beattie on The Conversation, titled "Watching movies could be good for your mental health," movies offer more than just entertainment; they can serve as a valuable tool for promoting mental wellness. Beattie discusses how films provide avenues for emotional release, allowing viewers to gain insights into their own emotions. Moreover, she highlights the role of empathy cultivation through cinematic narratives, enabling viewers to better understand the context of varied experiences. The article also underscores the therapeutic potential of movies as a means of temporary escape from stressors, offering moments of respite and relaxation. Beattie emphasizes the importance of mindful viewing, suggesting that conscious engagement with films can amplify their positive effects on mental health. Furthermore, she points out that certain genres, such as comedies and inspirational films, are particularly adept at eliciting positive emotional responses and uplifting spirits. Overall, the article sheds light on the numerous ways in which films can contribute to mental well-being, encouraging a deeper appreciation for the therapeutic power of cinema.

In conclusion, cinema is a dynamic and influential medium that is crucial in portraying mental health issues with accuracy and sensitivity, ensuring that therapy and support resources are depicted realistically. By showcasing the process of therapy and the various facilities available, films can educate audiences about mental health challenges and the avenues for seeking help. Through thoughtful representation, cinema can play a significant role in destigmatizing mental health and promoting a more supportive society.